MMP10, also known as matrix metalloproteinase 10, is a key member of the zinc-dependent endopeptidase family. It is primarily secreted by macrophages, fibroblasts, and other cells into the extracellular matrix and is activated in response to signals such as inflammation and tissue injury. Its core function is to degrade various extracellular matrix proteins and modulate the activity of inflammatory factors and growth factors. Consequently, MMP10 plays a crucial role in tissue remodeling, wound healing, and inflammatory responses. Simultaneously, due to its ability to disrupt the basement membrane and promote cell migration, it is also a central driver of tumor invasion and metastasis. Moreover, it is closely linked to the pathological processes of chronic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and atherosclerosis, making it an important therapeutic target and prognostic biomarker.